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But how can you create a system that has a decentralized ledger How do you give someone the ability to upgrade the ledger without giving them a lot of powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their work
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves that in a very creative manner I like to phone Who Wants to Be a Banker
In a nutshell, anyone who wants to participate in updating the ledger of Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do so. All you need is to suppose a random number that solves an equation generated by the computer system. Sounds easy, right
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Obviously, this guessing is all done by your PC. The more powerful your computer is, the further guesses you can make in a second, increasing your chances of winning this match. If you manage to figure correctly, you earn bitcoins and get to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining pc comes up with the right guess, your mining system determines which of the current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this cube represents the moment of glory, as youve now develop into a temporary banker of Bitcoin who gets to upgrade the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve created, along with the solution, is sent to the whole network so other computers can affirm it. Its somewhat similar to a Rubiks cube: The solution is very tough to attain but very easy to validate.
3. Each computer which validates your solution updates its copy of the Bitcoin transaction ledger together with the transactions you chose to include in the cube.
4. The system generates a fixed amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and rewards them as compensation for time and energy you spent solving the math problem.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees that were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. Each of the transactions in the block youve just entered are now confirmed by the Bitcoin network and are virtually irreversible.
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So thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining due to the fact that this process helps mine new Bitcoins from the computer system. But if you think about it, the mining part is merely a by-product of this transaction confirmation process. So that the name is somewhat misleading, since the main goal of mining would be to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a type of guessing, for each block, a different miner will suppose the number and also be granted the right to update the blockchain. Obviously, the miners with computing power will succeed more often, but due to the regulation of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the same miner will succeed every time. .
Now that you know what Bitcoin mining is, you may be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the rules for mining in a manner that the further mining energy the network has, the harder it is to guess the answer to the mining mathematics issue. Therefore that the difficulty of this mining method is really self-adjusting to the gathered mining capability official website the network possesses. .
If more miners join, it will get harder to solve the issue; if many of them drop off, it will get easier. This is known as mining issue.
Now, rememberthis is on average. We can have two cubes being added minute after minute and then wait an hour to the next block. In the long run, this will even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this kind of self-adjusting mechanism has created a sort of arms race to get the most efficient and strong miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a great deal of miners on the market. In fact, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and also his friend Hal Finney were a couple of the only individuals mining Bitcoin back in the time with their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining difficulty was reduced. Since Bitcoin started to catch on, folks looked for more powerful mining solutions.